210. 単心室症 Disease details / Clinical trials / Drug dev / DR info
臨床試験数 : 51 / 薬物数 : 53 - (DrugBank : 22) / 標的遺伝子数 : 32 - 標的パスウェイ数 : 67
薬物ごとの開発者（Primary Sponsor）、臨床試験情報（抜粋）です。
ACT-064992
Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd
2020 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-CZ Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-FR Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
Administration of an ACE-inhibitor or not
University Hospital, Ghent
2002 Phase 2 NCT00263406 Belgium;
Aesculus Hippocastanum / Horse Chestnut
Casa Espirita Terra de Ismael
2017 Phase 2 NCT04035317 Brazil;
Ambrisentan
Kevin Hill
2015 Phase 2 NCT02080637 United States;
Washington University School of Medicine
2012 Phase 4 NCT01971580 United States;
Aspirin
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
Autologous Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft
University of Zurich
2011 - EUCTR2011-001187-21-DE Germany;
BAY 59-7939
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
Bosentan
Rigshospitalet, Denmark
2011 Phase 2 NCT01292551 Denmark;Sweden;
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
2010 Phase 2 NCT01662037 China;
University Hospital Birmingham
2008 Phase 4 EUCTR2005-005898-29-GB United Kingdom;
University of California, Los Angeles
2010 - NCT00989911 United States;
Carvedilol
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2016 Phase 4 NCT02946892 United States;
Colchicine
University of Michigan
2018 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT03575572 United States;
Digoxin
Christoph P Hornik, MD MPH
2019 - NCT03877965 United States;
Enalapril
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
2003 Phase 3 NCT00113087 Canada;United States;
Eplerenone
Washington University School of Medicine
2013 Phase 4 NCT01971593 United States;
JNJ-39039039
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
Liothyronine I 131
FDA Office of Orphan Products Development
1994 Phase 1 NCT00004828 -
MPC
Boston Children's Hospital
2017 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT03079401 United States;
MZ101
Mezzion Pharma Co. Ltd
2018 - NCT03430583 Canada;United States;
Milk
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
2016 - NCT02860702 United States;
Mysildecard
University Hospital of Montpellier
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-004828-11-FR France;
Nitric Oxide
Jewish General Hospital
2020 - NCT04292483 Canada;
Normal Saline
Advocate Health Care
2016 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT02975999 United States;
ODSH at 0.125 mg/kg/h
Chimerix
2010 Phase 1 NCT01161641 United States;
ODSH at 0.250 mg/kg/h
Chimerix
2010 Phase 1 NCT01161641 United States;
ODSH at 0.375 mg/kg/h
Chimerix
2010 Phase 1 NCT01161641 United States;
Opsumit®
Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd
2020 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-CZ Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-FR Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
Rexlemestrocel-L
Boston Children's Hospital
2017 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT03079401 United States;
SCRM001_TEVG
University of Zurich
2011 - EUCTR2011-001187-21-DE Germany;
Sildenafil
Tokyo Women'
University Hospital, Montpellier
2022 Phase 3 NCT03997097 -
s Medical University
Sildenafil by injection
Duke University
2011 Phase 1 NCT01169519 United States;
Spironolactone
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
2021 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT04901975 United States;
Spironolactone (drug)
Emory University
2004 - NCT00211081 United States;
Sugar pill
University of Utah
2011 Phase 1 NCT01291069 United States;
Tadalafil Citrate
University of Utah
2011 Phase 1 NCT01291069 United States;
Tracleer
Lars Søndergaard
2010 - EUCTR2010-022389-28-DK Denmark;
University Hospital Birmingham
2008 Phase 4 EUCTR2005-005898-29-GB United Kingdom;
Treprostinil
Stanford University
2015 - NCT02498444 United States;
Udenafil
Mezzion Pharma Co. Ltd
2017 Phase 3 NCT03013751 Canada;Korea, Republic of;United States;
2016 Phase 3 NCT02741115 Canada;Korea, Republic of;United States;
2014 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT02201342 Canada;United States;
Vasopressin
Advocate Health Care
2016 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT02975999 United States;
Vasopressin, Arginine
Medical College of Wisconsin
2017 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT03088345 United States;
Vitamin C
University of Michigan
2009 - NCT00974025 United States;
Xarelto
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd
2020 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-CZ Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-FR Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
Administration of an ACE-inhibitor or not
University Hospital, Ghent
2002 Phase 2 NCT00263406 Belgium;
Aesculus Hippocastanum / Horse Chestnut
Casa Espirita Terra de Ismael
2017 Phase 2 NCT04035317 Brazil;
Ambrisentan
Kevin Hill
2015 Phase 2 NCT02080637 United States;
Washington University School of Medicine
2012 Phase 4 NCT01971580 United States;
Aspirin
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
Autologous Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft
University of Zurich
2011 - EUCTR2011-001187-21-DE Germany;
BAY 59-7939
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
Bosentan
Rigshospitalet, Denmark
2011 Phase 2 NCT01292551 Denmark;Sweden;
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
2010 Phase 2 NCT01662037 China;
University Hospital Birmingham
2008 Phase 4 EUCTR2005-005898-29-GB United Kingdom;
University of California, Los Angeles
2010 - NCT00989911 United States;
Carvedilol
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2016 Phase 4 NCT02946892 United States;
Colchicine
University of Michigan
2018 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT03575572 United States;
Digoxin
Christoph P Hornik, MD MPH
2019 - NCT03877965 United States;
Enalapril
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
2003 Phase 3 NCT00113087 Canada;United States;
Eplerenone
Washington University School of Medicine
2013 Phase 4 NCT01971593 United States;
JNJ-39039039
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
Liothyronine I 131
FDA Office of Orphan Products Development
1994 Phase 1 NCT00004828 -
MPC
Boston Children's Hospital
2017 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT03079401 United States;
MZ101
Mezzion Pharma Co. Ltd
2018 - NCT03430583 Canada;United States;
Milk
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
2016 - NCT02860702 United States;
Mysildecard
University Hospital of Montpellier
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-004828-11-FR France;
Nitric Oxide
Jewish General Hospital
2020 - NCT04292483 Canada;
Normal Saline
Advocate Health Care
2016 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT02975999 United States;
ODSH at 0.125 mg/kg/h
Chimerix
2010 Phase 1 NCT01161641 United States;
ODSH at 0.250 mg/kg/h
Chimerix
2010 Phase 1 NCT01161641 United States;
ODSH at 0.375 mg/kg/h
Chimerix
2010 Phase 1 NCT01161641 United States;
Opsumit®
Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd
2020 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-CZ Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-FR Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2019 Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DK Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-GB Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2018-002821-45-DE Australia;China;Czech Republic;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2016-003320-23-PL Australia;China;Czech Republic;Czechia;Denmark;France;Germany;Ireland;New Zealand;Poland;Taiwan;United Kingdom;United States;
Rexlemestrocel-L
Boston Children's Hospital
2017 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT03079401 United States;
SCRM001_TEVG
University of Zurich
2011 - EUCTR2011-001187-21-DE Germany;
Sildenafil
Tokyo Women'
University Hospital, Montpellier
2022 Phase 3 NCT03997097 -
s Medical University
Sildenafil by injection
Duke University
2011 Phase 1 NCT01169519 United States;
Spironolactone
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
2021 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT04901975 United States;
Spironolactone (drug)
Emory University
2004 - NCT00211081 United States;
Sugar pill
University of Utah
2011 Phase 1 NCT01291069 United States;
Tadalafil Citrate
University of Utah
2011 Phase 1 NCT01291069 United States;
Tracleer
Lars Søndergaard
2010 - EUCTR2010-022389-28-DK Denmark;
University Hospital Birmingham
2008 Phase 4 EUCTR2005-005898-29-GB United Kingdom;
Treprostinil
Stanford University
2015 - NCT02498444 United States;
Udenafil
Mezzion Pharma Co. Ltd
2017 Phase 3 NCT03013751 Canada;Korea, Republic of;United States;
2016 Phase 3 NCT02741115 Canada;Korea, Republic of;United States;
2014 Phase 1/Phase 2 NCT02201342 Canada;United States;
Vasopressin
Advocate Health Care
2016 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT02975999 United States;
Vasopressin, Arginine
Medical College of Wisconsin
2017 Phase 2/Phase 3 NCT03088345 United States;
Vitamin C
University of Michigan
2009 - NCT00974025 United States;
Xarelto
Janssen-Cilag International N.V
2017 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-NL Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-ES Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
2016 Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-BE Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;
- Phase 3 EUCTR2015-002610-76-FR Argentina;Australia;Belgium;Brazil;Canada;China;France;Japan;Korea, Republic of;Malaysia;Mexico;Netherlands;Spain;Thailand;United Kingdom;United States;